The name Maynilà was probably bestowed because of the indigo-yielding plants that grow in the area surrounding the settlement, and not because it was known as a settlement that traded in indigo dye: Indigo-dye extraction became an important economic activity in the area only in the 18th century, several hundred years after the Maynila settlement was founded and named. Nilà is derived from the Sanskrit word nīla ( नील), which refers to indigo – and, by extension, to several plant species from which this natural dye can be extracted. Maynilà, the Filipino name for the city, comes from the phrase may-nilà, meaning "where indigo is found".
It is the most populous region in the country, one of the most populous urban areas in the world, and is one of the wealthiest regions in Southeast Asia. The officially defined metropolitan area, called Metro Manila, the " capital region" of the Philippines, includes the much larger Quezon City and the Makati Central Business District. The term "Manila" is commonly used to refer to the whole metropolitan area, the greater metropolitan area, or the city proper. Today, it is home to many historic sites, some of which were built during the 16th century. Manila was the seat of power for most of the country's colonial rulers and was one of the royal Spanish cities in the Philippines in the Spanish East Indies, along with Cebu, Naga, and Iloilo. After the defeat of the polity's last indigenous Rajah, Sulayman III, in the Battle of Bangkusay, a fortified Spanish city called Intramuros was built directly on top of the site of old Maynilà. It is the name of this old polity from which the Spanish and English name Manila derives. This is regarded as the city's official founding date however, a Tagalog-fortified polity called Maynilà had already existed on the site, dating back as far as 1258. The Spanish city of Manila was founded on June 24, 1571, by Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi. Manila is the second most natural-disaster-afflicted capital city in the world despite this, it is among the most populous and fastest growing cities in Southeast Asia. Manila is considered to be part of the world's original set of global cities because its commercial networks were the first to extend across the Pacific Ocean and connect Asia with the Spanish Americas through the galleon trade when this was accomplished, it marked the first time in world history that an uninterrupted chain of trade routes circling the planet had been established. 409, "The Revised Charter of the City of Manila," on June 18, 1949. It became autonomous with the passage of Republic Act No. It was the first chartered city in the country, designated as such by the Philippine Commission Act 183 of July 31, 1901. It is highly urbanized and as of 2019 was the world's most densely populated city proper. Manila ( / m ə ˈ n ɪ l ə/ mə- NIL-ə, Spanish: Filipino: Maynila, pronounced ), known officially as the City of Manila ( Filipino: Lungsod ng Maynila, locally Tagalog: Siyudad ng Maynila, locally ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city.
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